Anemarrhena Rhizome
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Market name：知母 Photo location：Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med. TMPW No.：10804 |
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Plant name：Anemarrhena asphodeloides Photo location：Mongolia Photo date：2004 Photographer：K. Komatsu |
| Synonym | |
| Latin name | Anemarrhenae Rhizoma |
| Botanical source: Family name | Liliaceae |
| Botanical source: Plant name | Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge (IPNI:530140-1) |
| Part used | Rhizome |
| Empirical criteria for quality selection | Good one is enlarged, moist and has yellow hair roots. (TN) |
| Constituents | Steroid saponins & Sapogenins: Timosaponin A-I, Timosaponin A-II, Timosaponin A-III, Timosaponin A-IV, Timosaponin B-I, Timosaponin B-II, Sarsasapogenin, Markogenin, Neogitogenin Xanthones: Mangiferin, Isomangiferin Amino acids: Pantothenic acid Pyridine alkaloids: Nicotinic acid |
| Pharmacological effects | Hypoglycemic (extract). Antipyretic and antibacterial (decoction). Hypotensive, suppression of respiratory center, hemolytic (timosaponins). |
| Indications | As an antifebrile, diuretic, tranquilizer, antiussive and antidiarrheal drug, it is applied to treat high fever and excessive thirst. |
| Diseases | High fever, Thirst, Cough, Dry cough, Night sweats, Anhidrosis, Dysuria, Constipation |
| Formulas | ishoho , ogibekkoto , kamishimotsuto , keishishakuyakuchimoto , sansoninto , shofusan , shin'iseihaito , jiinkokato , jiinshihoto , jijintsujito , jingyobekkoto , seinetsuhoketsuto , chibakujiogan , byakkokakeishito , byakkokaninjinto , byakkoto |
| Meridian tropism | Lung, Stomach, Kidney |
| Property | Cold |
| Flavor | Bitter |
| Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing" | Middle |
| TCM: Classification | Antipyretics |
| TCM: Medicinal effects | To remove heat and quench fire, and to promote the production of body fluid and relieve dryness syndromes.: For febrile disease with high fever and dire thirst, heat in the lung with dry cough, consumptive fever, diabetes due to internal heat, constipation. |
| Remarks | Listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th ed. |
| References | TN: T. Namba & Y. Tsuda ed., Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, 3rd ed., Nankodo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, 1998. |
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
| Gene Region | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nuclear | Chloroplast | Mitochondria | |||||||||||||||||
| Botanical source: Plant name | 5Ss | 18S | ITS1 | 5.8S | ITS2 | 26S | others | trnH-psbA | matK | trnK | trnK-rps16 | trnT-L | trnL | trnL-F | rbcL | rpoC1 | ndhF | others | |
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